Cold temperatures signal that winter has arrived and with it comes snow, ice, and unique driving challenges. If you are planning a trip longer than your usual commute, proper preparation is essential for your safety, comfort, and peace of mind. Here is a comprehensive guide to ensure your vehicle is ready for winter travel.
Before the Trip
Before hitting the road, drivers must complete several essential steps. Doing so significantly reduces the risk of a breakdown.
1. Inspect Your Vehicle
Check All Tires: Inspect tire tread depth and pressure. Replace tires with worn treads and consider switching to winter tires for better traction on ice and snow. Winter tires should be placed on all four wheels. Don’t forget to check the spare. An emergency tire inflator kit is an essential item to carry.
Battery Testing: Cold weather reduces battery efficiency according to Fox59. Dim headlights are one sign of battery problems. Have your battery tested; replace it if it’s nearing the end of its life (usually 3 to 5 years).
Examine Fluids: Ensure all fluids are at appropriate levels, including:
- Antifreeze/coolant
- Engine oil (consider a winter-grade oil if temperatures regularly drop below freezing)
- Windshield washer fluid (use one rated for freezing conditions)
Inspect Belts and Hoses: Look for cracks, fraying, or signs of wear. Cold weather can exacerbate these issues.
2. Prepare Emergency Supplies
Pack an emergency kit tailored for winter conditions. The kit should include:
- Ice scraper and snow brush.
- Jumper cables. Better yet: invest in an inflator kit as this device doesn’t require another vehicle to replenish the battery. Just remember to keep it charged!
- Flashlight and extra batteries.
- Blankets or thermal gear.
- Non-perishable snacks and bottled water.
- A snow shovel. If you have limited space, a folding shovel is best.
- Sand, cat litter, or traction mats.
- First-aid kit — include adhesive bandages, sterile gauze, medical tape, antiseptic wipes, tweezers, scissors, pain relievers, gloves, and any necessary personal medications.
- Cell phone charger or power bank.
3. Plan Your Route
Check the Weather Forecast: Know what to expect before you leave. Avoid travel during severe weather warnings.
Consider Alternate Routes: Some roads may close or become impassable in bad weather. Download the Waze app for frequently updated information, but never rely on an app alone to direct you.
Share Your Travel Plan: Inform someone of your intended route and estimated arrival time. Forward a copy of your route to this individual advises the National Safety Council.
Hitting the Road
Once you take to the road, you’ll be glad you were adequately prepared. Always fill your fuel tank before heading out.
1. Drive Cautiously
Reduce Your Speed: Ice and snow reduce traction, making it harder to stop or steer. Drive slower than usual.
Increase Your Following Distance: Maintain a five- to six-second gap from the vehicle in front of you.
Avoid Sudden Movements: Brake gently and accelerate slowly to prevent skidding.
2. Stay Alert
Watch for Black Ice: It is nearly invisible and often forms on bridges, overpasses, and shaded areas. Otherwise, assume it is present and act accordingly.
Monitor Tire Grip: If your vehicle begins to slide, steer gently in the direction you want to go and avoid hard braking.
Use Headlights: Keep headlights on during the day to improve visibility for yourself and others. Ensure all lighting is working before heading out — LED lights, fog lights, turn signals, brake lights, and accent lighting.
3. Manage Emergencies
Stay with Your Vehicle: If you become stranded, stay inside your vehicle for warmth and safety. Run the engine periodically for heat; ensure the exhaust pipe is clear of snow.
Signal for Help: Use hazard lights, flares, or reflective markers to alert other drivers or rescuers.
Stay Warm: Use blankets, layers, or extra clothing to retain body heat.
Post Trip Evaluation
You have arrived safely, but your vehicle may have experienced a rough going.
1. Inspect Your Vehicle Once Again
Check for Damage: Look for any signs of wear or damage, such as undercarriage impacts from snow or ice chunks.
Wash Your Car: Salt and grime can corrode metal surfaces. Wash the exterior, particularly the undercarriage, to remove road salt.
Recheck Fluids: Check that windshield washer fluid, coolant, and other levels are adequate after your trip.
2. Refuel and Replenish Supplies
Top Off the Gas Tank: A full tank prevents condensation in the fuel line, which can freeze in cold temperatures.
Restock the Emergency Kit: Replace any items used during the trip. Remove your daily medications.
3. Reflect and Plan for Next Time
Assess how well your preparations worked. If you encountered challenges, consider additional steps to address them for future trips.
Additional Tips for Winter Travel
Stay Updated: Regularly check weather and road conditions throughout your trip.
Keep Tools Handy: Keep items like an ice scraper, gloves, and a flashlight within easy reach.
Be Flexible: If conditions worsen, delay your trip or find a safe place to stop.
Winter Prep Takeaways
With a plan in place along with heightened vigilance, you can greatly reduce the chances of a breakdown or an accident. Winter driving, though, offers the most challenges of any season. In some situations, delaying, modifying your route, or cancelling the trip may be your best option.
