Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly becoming a common sight on roads, praised for their environmental benefits and innovative technology. Conversely, one area that has garnered attention is the rate at which EV tires wear out compared to those on traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. This trend can be startling for new EV owners and raises questions about the primary causes. Read on and we’ll discover the fundamental reasons why tires tend to wear out faster on electric vehicles.
Increased Vehicle Weight
One of the primary reasons for faster tire wear on electric vehicles is their increased weight. EVs generally weigh more than their ICE counterparts due to the large battery packs that power them.
For instance, the battery alone in a Tesla Model S can weigh around 1,200 pounds, significantly adding to the vehicle’s overall mass. This extra weight puts additional strain on the tires, especially during acceleration, braking, and cornering, leading to accelerated wear.
Instant Torque Delivery
Electric vehicles are known for their instant torque delivery. Unlike ICE vehicles, which build up torque gradually, EVs can deliver maximum torque almost instantly from a standstill. This rapid torque can lead to increased tire slippage and wear, particularly in high-performance EVs.
Notably, drivers who enjoy the quick acceleration that EVs offer may unintentionally contribute to faster tire wear as the tires struggle to maintain grip under the sudden load. Thus, choosing carefully when to throw down maximum power is warranted if you wish to extend tire life.
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative braking is a feature in EVs where the electric motor helps slow down the vehicle while recapturing energy and feeding it back into the battery. While regenerative braking is beneficial for efficiency, it can also contribute to uneven tire wear.
The braking force is often concentrated on the front or rear tires (depending on the vehicle’s design), causing those tires to wear out faster than in a vehicle with traditional braking systems. This uneven distribution of braking force requires more frequent tire rotations to maintain even wear across all tires. This means if you’re accustomed to rotating tires every 6,000 to 8,000 miles, you may need to do it every 3,000 miles. Consult your owner’s manual for maintenance guidance.
Greater Efficiency Tires
EVs often come equipped with low-rolling resistance tires. Specifically, these are designed to maximize range and efficiency. While these tires are excellent for reducing energy consumption, they are often made of softer rubber compounds that can wear out faster than the harder compounds used in conventional tires.
The trade-off between efficiency and durability means that these tires, while beneficial for extending range, may need to be replaced more frequently. We’ve heard tire replacement is common after just 20,000 miles. Compare that to the 40,000 miles even basic tires are warranted to reach.
Driving Habits and Maintenance
Driving habits and maintenance also play a crucial role in tire wear for electric vehicles. Aggressive driving, such as rapid acceleration and hard braking, can exacerbate tire wear. Additionally, improper tire maintenance, such as incorrect tire pressure or failure to rotate tires regularly, can lead to uneven wear.
Given the unique characteristics of EVs, it’s critical for owners to implement driving and maintenance practices that help mitigate tire wear.
Tire Design and Technology
As the EV market grows, tire manufacturers are developing specialized tires designed to handle the unique demands of electric vehicles. These tires often feature reinforced sidewalls and tread patterns that distribute the weight and torque more evenly.
However, the development of these tires is still evolving, and many current offerings are adaptations of existing designs rather than purpose-built solutions. This means that while EV-specific tires are available, they may not yet offer the same longevity as those for ICE vehicles.
Extending Tire Wear
While tires on electric vehicles may wear out faster than those on traditional cars, understanding the reasons behind this can help EV owners make informed choices. Regular tire maintenance, mindful driving habits, and selecting the right tires for your vehicle can all contribute to extending tire life. As technology continues to advance, we can expect further innovations in tire design that will address these challenges, making EV ownership even more efficient and viable in the long run.
References
Dreibelbis, E. (2023, May 22). The Unexpected Problem With EVs: They ‘Tire’ Quickly. PCMag.
Lingeman, J. (2023, April 27). More Range, More Tires: Electric Vehicle Tire Myths and Truths. Newsweek.
See Also —Goodyear Announces New EV Tires at CES
Images under license from Adobe Stock Photo.
